omedical and health informatics or just plain informatics) is the field concerned with the optimal use of data and information, usually aided by technology, to improve individual health, healthcare, public health, and biomedical research. The goal of this book is to provide a comprehensive introduction to the major areas of the field, both for those who are just beginning their studies or are already working in the field. This 8th edition reflects the current knowledge of the field and provides learning objectives, extensive references, and additional readings.